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Canadian Journal of School Psychology
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Patterns of Cognitive Functioning in a Clinic-Referred Sample of Preschool Children

Nikhil S. Koushik

University of Windsor, Canada

Cory D. Saunders

Ozad Institute, Windsor Regional Hospital & University of Windsor, Canada

Byron P. Rourke

University of Windsor, Canada

This study examined patterns of performance on the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence—Revised (WPPSI-R) and the relationship of these patterns to diagnoses of behavioural problems. The sample consisted of 108 children between age 3 and 7 years inclusive who had been referred to a day-treatment program for a wide variety of psychological difficulties. All children had Full Scale IQ scores between 50 and 130. Two-stage cluster analysis identified five reliable subtypes. Three of these were differentiated primarily by level of performance (low, average, and high). The other two were differentiated primarily by pattern of performance: one characterized by nonverbal deficits and the other by verbal deficits. Findings also revealed that the children's previous diagnoses were relatively consistent with their patterns of performance on the WPPSI-R. The significance of these findings in relation to previous research in this area is discussed, and suggestions for future investigations are formulated.

Key Words: intelligence • preschool children • subtypes

Canadian Journal of School Psychology, Vol. 22, No. 1, 94-107 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0829573507301398
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